Encyclopedia of environmental issues / editor, Richard Renneboog.

Salem Press.

10-A.

Provides a four-volume set that covers a wide variety of topics, including endangered animal species, air pollution, national parks, environmental legislation, oil spills, alternative energy sources, and global climate change.

Includes bibliographical references.

Publisher's Note -- Editor's Introduction -- Contributor List -- Complete List of Articles -- Abbey, Edward -- Accounting for nature -- Acid deposition and acid rain -- Acid mine drainage -- Adams, Ansel -- Aerosols and the environment -- African elephant poaching -- Africa's ecosystem -- Agenda 21 -- Agent Orange (AO) -- Agricultural chemicals -- Agricultural revolution -- Agricultural runoff -- Agriculture: history & overview -- Agriculture: modern problems -- Agriculture: traditional -- Air conditioning and air-cooling technology -- Air pollution policy to 2010 -- Air Quality Index (AQI) -- Airborne particulates -- Alar and carcinogen controversy -- Alaska Highway -- Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA) -- Alliance of Small Island States -- Alternative energy sources -- Alternative fuels -- Alternatively fueled vehicles -- Amazon River basin -- American alligator and conservation efforts -- American bison -- Amoco Cadiz oil spill -- Amory, Cleveland -- Amphibians and habitat destruction -- Animal rights movement -- Animal testing -- Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition (ASOC) -- Antarctic Treaty -- Anthropocentrism -- Antibiotics as environmental waste -- Antienvironmentalism -- Antinuclear movement -- Antiquities Act -- Appropriate technology (AT) movement -- Aquaculture -- Aquaponics -- Aqueducts -- Aquifers -- Aral Sea destruction -- Arctic National Wildlife Refuge -- Argo Merchant oil spill -- Arsenic in water supplies -- Asbestos as carcinogenic material -- Asbestos releases in Silver Bay, Minnesota -- Asbestosis -- Asia -- Aswan High Dam -- Atmospheric inversions -- Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) -- Automobile emissions.

Bacillus thuringiensis -- Back-to-the-land movement -- Bacterial resistance & public health -- Balance of nature -- Basel Convention & movement of hazardous waste -- Beach erosion -- Bees & other pollinators -- Benefit-cost analysis -- Best available technologies to reduce pollution -- Bhopal disaster -- Bikini Atoll bombing -- Bioassays -- Biocentrism -- Biodiversity -- Biodiversity action plans -- Biodiversity: Why Preserve Biodiversity? -- Biofertilizers -- Biogeochemical cycles -- Biogeography -- Biomagnification -- Biomass conversion -- Biomes & environmental issues -- Biopesticides & the environment -- Biophilia -- Biopiracy & bioprospecting -- Bioregionalism -- Bioremediation -- Biosphere -- Biosphere 2 -- Biosphere reserves & wilderness issues -- Biotechnology & genetic engineering -- Black lung -- Black Sea & pollution -- Black Wednesday -- Bonn Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) -- Bookchin, Murray -- Boreal forests & climate change -- Borlaug, Norman -- Bovine growth hormone -- BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill -- Braer oil spill -- Brazilian radioactive powder release -- Breeder reactors -- Brent Spar occupation -- Brockovich, Erin -- Brower, David -- Brown, Lester -- Brownfields -- Brucellosis -- Brundtland Commission -- Brundtland, Gro Harlem -- Burroughs, John -- Captive breeding -- Carbon dioxide air capture -- Carbon footprint -- Carbon monoxide -- Carpooling -- Carter, Jimmy -- Cash for Clunkers -- Catalytic converters -- Center for Health, Environment, and Justice (CHEJ) -- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -- Ceres -- Certified wood -- Chalk River nuclear reactor explosion.

Chelyabinsk nuclear waste explosion -- Chernobyl nuclear accident -- Chipko Andolan movement -- Chloracne -- Chloramphenicol -- Chlorination -- Climax communities -- Cloning -- Cloud seeding -- Club of Rome -- Coal ash storage -- Coastal Zone Management Act -- Cogeneration power systems -- Colorado River -- Commercial fishing -- Commoner, Barry -- Community gardens -- Compact fluorescent lightbulbs -- Composting -- Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) -- Congo River basin -- Coniferous forests -- Conservation biology -- Conservation easements -- Conservation movement -- Conservation of natural resources -- Conservation of polar bears -- Conservation of rhinoceros populations -- Conservation of savannas -- Conservation of the whooping crane -- Conservation of wolves -- Conservation of Yosemite Valley -- Conservation policy -- Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) -- Continental shelves and pollution -- Controversy over wild horses and burros -- Convention on Biological Diversity -- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species -- Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution -- Corporate average fuel economy standards -- Cote d'Ivoire toxic waste incident -- Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) -- Cousteau, Jacques -- Cross-Florida Barge Canal -- Cultural eutrophication -- Cuyahoga River fires -- Dams and reservoirs -- Darling, Jay -- Darwin, Charles -- Dead zones -- Debt-for-nature swaps -- Deciduous forests -- Decline of the ozone layer -- Deep ecology -- Deforestation -- Department of Energy, U.S -- Department of the Interior, U.S -- Desertification -- Deserts & dunes -- Destruction of the northern spotted owl's habitat.

Destruction of the rain forests -- Detoxification (environmental) -- Detrimental health effects of smog -- Development gap -- Diamond v. Chakrabarty -- Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) -- Dioxin -- Diquat -- Disposable diapers in landfills -- Dolly the sheep -- Dolphin-safe tuna -- Dredging -- Drinking water -- Drought -- Dubos, Rene -- Ducktown, Tennessee -- Dust Bowl ecological disaster.

Earth Day -- Earth First! -- Earth resources satellites -- Earth-sheltered construction -- Eat local movement -- Eaubonne, Francoise d' -- Echo Park Dam opposition -- Ecocentrism -- Eco-fashion -- Ecofeminism -- Ecological economics -- Ecological footprint -- Ecology as a concept -- Ecology in history -- Ecosystem of South America -- Ecosystems -- Ecosystems of Australia and New Zealand -- Ecosystems of Central America and the Caribbean -- Ecotage -- Ecoterrorism and radical environmentalists -- Ecotopia -- Ecotourism: Pros and Cons -- Ehrlich, Paul R -- Electronic waste -- Eminent domain -- Emissions from Yokkaichi, Japan -- Emissions in Sudbury, Ontario -- Endangered species and species protection policy -- Energy policy -- Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA) of 1975 -- Energy-efficiency labeling -- Environment Canada -- Environmental benefits of electric vehicles -- Environmental benefits of rain gardens -- Environmental birth defects -- Environmental causes of cancer clusters -- Environmental challenges of the Pacific Islands -- Environmental determinism -- Environmental economics -- Environmental education -- Environmental effects of coal mining and coal burning -- Environmental engineering -- Environmental ethics -- Environmental hazards of shantytowns.

Environmental health -- Environmental health of the Nile River -- Environmental illnesses -- Environmental impact assessments and statements -- Environmental impact of genetically altered bacteria -- Environmental impact of killer bees -- Environmental Impact of Mount Tambora Eruption -- Environmental impact of zebra mussels -- Environmental impacts of desalination -- Environmental impacts of raising cattle -- Environmental impacts of road systems and freeways -- Environmental justice and environmental racism -- Environmental law, international -- Environmental law, U.S -- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and public health -- Environmental refugees -- Environmental security -- Environmental torts -- Erosion and erosion control -- Ethanol -- European Diploma of Protected Areas -- European Environment Agency (EEA) -- European environmental policies -- European Green parties -- Eutrophication -- Evacuation of Times Beach, Missouri -- Everglades preservation -- Externalities -- Extinctions and species loss -- Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) -- Federal Land Policy and Management Act (FLPMA) -- First animal clone and its implications -- Fish and Wildlife Act -- Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S -- Fish kills -- Fisheries and environmentalism -- Flavr Savr tomato -- Flood Control Act (FCA) -- Floodplains and environmental threats -- Floods -- Fluoridation -- Food and Agriculture Organization -- Food chains -- Food irradiation -- Food quality regulation -- Foreman, Dave -- Forest and range policy -- Forest management -- Forest Service, U.S -- Forest Summit -- Fossey, Dian -- Fossil fuels and environmental degradation.

Franklin Dam opposition -- Free market environmentalism -- Friends of the Earth International -- Gaia hypothesis -- Ganges River -- Garbology -- Gasoline and gasoline additives -- Gene patents -- General Mining Act -- Genetically altered bacteria -- Genetically engineered pharmaceuticals -- Genetically modified foods -- Genetically modified organisms and environmentalism -- Geoengineering -- Geographic information systems -- Geothermal energy -- Gibbons, Euell -- Gibbs, Lois -- Gila Wilderness -- Gill nets and drift nets -- Glacial melting -- Glen Canyon Dam -- Global Biodiversity Assessment -- Global Environment Facility -- Global ReLeaf -- Global warming -- Globalization -- Gore, Al -- Grand Canyon and pollution -- Grand Coulee Dam -- Grazing & grasslands -- Great Barrier Reef and preservation efforts -- Great Lakes International Joint Commission (IJC) -- Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge -- Green buildings -- Green marketing -- Green movement and Green parties -- Green Plan -- Green Revolution -- Greenbelts -- Greenhouse effect -- Greenhouse gases and air pollution -- Greenpeace -- Greenwashing -- Groundwater pollution -- Group of Ten -- Gulf War oil burning -- Gyres and climate change -- Habitat destruction -- Habitats & biomes -- Hanford Nuclear Reservation -- Hansen, James E -- Hardin, Garrett -- Hawk's Nest Tunnel disaster -- Hazardous and toxic substance regulation -- Hazardous waste -- Health problems caused by exposure to lead -- Heat islands -- Heat pumps -- Heavy metals -- Hetch Hetchy Dam -- High-yield wheat -- Homestead Act -- Hoover Dam -- Horizontal gene transfer -- Hunting and environmental regulation -- Hurricanes and Typhoons -- Hybrid vehicles -- Hydroelectricity -- Hydrogen economy.

Impact of dredging on water quality and bottom-dwelling organisms -- Impact of ocean currents on global climate -- Incineration of waste products -- Inconvenient Truth, An -- Indicator species -- Indigenous peoples and nature preservation -- Indoor air pollution -- Industrial Revolution and pollution -- Integrated pest management -- Intensive farming -- Intergenerational justice -- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change -- Internal combustion engines -- International Atomic Energy Agency -- International Biological Program (IBP) -- International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling -- International effort to save condors from extinction -- International environmental law -- International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) -- International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) -- International Union for Conservation of Nature -- International whaling ban -- International Whaling Commission (IWC) -- Introduced and exotic species -- Iron fertilization -- Irrigation -- Italian dioxin release -- Ivory trade -- Japan's Ashio copper mine -- Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development -- John Muir Trail -- Kaibab Plateau deer disaster -- Kalahari Desert -- Kesterson Reservoir -- Khian Sea incident -- Kings Canyon and Sequoia national parks -- Kleppe v. New Mexico -- Krakatoa eruption environmental impact -- Kudzu -- Kyoto Protocol -- Land clearance -- Land pollution -- Landfills -- Landscape architecture -- Land-use planning -- Land-use policy -- Leachates in landfills -- League of Conservation Voters (LCV) -- Leopold, Aldo -- Life-cycle assessment -- Light pollution -- Limited Test Ban Treaty (LTBT).

Limits to Growth, The -- Logging and clear-cutting -- London Convention of 1933 -- London Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution -- London smog disaster -- Los Angeles Aqueduct -- Love Canal disaster -- Lovejoy, Thomas E -- Lovelock, James -- Lovins, Amory -- Maathai, Wangari -- Mad cow disease -- Malathion in aerial spraying programs -- Malthus, Thomas Robert -- Manabe, Syukuro -- Marine debris -- Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) -- Marsh, George Perkins -- Marshall, Robert -- Mather, Stephen T -- McToxics Campaign -- Medfly spraying -- Mediterranean Blue Plan -- Mendes, Chico -- Mercury -- Mercury releases in Oak Ridge, Tennessee -- Methane as a greenhouse gas -- Methyl parathion (pesticide) -- Migratory Bird Act -- Mine reclamation -- Mobro barge incident -- Molina, Mario -- Monkeywrenching -- Monoculture -- Monoculture farming -- Monongahela River tank collapse -- Montreal Protocol -- Mountain gorillas -- Muir, John -- Multiple-use management -- Mumford, Lewis -- Municipal mandates on open spaces -- Nader, Ralph -- Naess, Arne -- Nanotechnology and the environment -- Narmada Valley Development Project -- National Audubon Society and wildlife preservation -- National Committee for a Sane Nuclear Policy (SANE) -- National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) -- National Forest Management Act (NFMA) -- National forests -- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration -- National Parks and the environment -- National Trails System Act -- National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act (NWRSAA) -- Natural burial -- Natural capital -- Natural Resources Conservation Service -- Natural Resources Defense Council -- Nature Conservancy.

Nature preservation policy -- Neutron bomb (environmental impact) -- New urbanism -- NIMBYism -- Nitrogen oxides as pollutants -- Noise pollution -- Nonpolluting benefits of bicycles -- North American Free Trade Agreement -- North America's environmental policies -- North Sea radioactive cargo sinking -- Nuclear accidents -- Nuclear and radioactive waste -- Nuclear fusion process (environmental impact) -- Nuclear plant releases in Rocky Flats, Colorado -- Nuclear power industry and the environment -- Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) -- Nuclear regulatory policy -- Nuclear testing -- Nuclear weapons production -- Nuclear winter -- Ocean dumping -- Ocean life and rising water temperatures -- Ocean pollution -- Odor pollution -- Oil crises and oil embargoes -- Oil drilling -- Oil shale and tar sands -- Oil spills -- Olmsted, Frederick Law -- Open spaces -- Operation Backfire -- Organic gardening & farming -- Osborn, Henry Fairfield, Jr -- Ostrom, Elinor -- Our Common Future, The Brundtland Report -- Overconsumption -- Overgrazing of livestock -- Ozone depletion and ozone holes -- Paclitaxel (drug -- Pandemics -- Passenger pigeon extinction -- PEMEX oil well leak -- People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA -- Pesticides and herbicides (environmental impact -- Pets and the pet trade -- Photovoltaic cells -- Pinchot, Gifford -- Planned communities -- Planned obsolescence -- Plastics -- Poaching -- Poaching of mountain gorillas -- Polluter pays principle -- Pollution of Lake Baikal -- Pollution of Lake Erie -- Pollution of the Danube River -- Pollution of the Mississippi River -- Pollution permit trading -- Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB).

Population Connection -- Population growth and environmental impact -- Population-control and one-child policies -- Population-control movement -- Positive feedback and tipping points -- Powell, John Wesley -- Power plants -- Precautionary principle -- Predator management -- Preservation -- Preservation of old-growth forests -- Preservation of the snail darter -- Price-Anderson Act -- Privatization movements (environmental) -- Property rights movement -- Public opinion and the environment -- Public trust doctrine -- Pulp and paper mills.

Race-to-the-bottom hypothesis -- Radiation from Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings -- Radioactive pollution and fallout -- Radon as a health hazard -- Rainforest Action Network (RAN) -- Rainwater harvesting -- Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance -- Range management -- Reclamation Act -- Recycling -- Refuse-derived fuel -- Renewable energy -- Renewable resources -- Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) -- Resource depletion -- Resource management in Asia -- Resource recovery -- Restoration ecology -- Revised Statute 2477 -- Rhine Action Programme -- Rhine River -- Right-to-know legislation -- Rio Declaration on Environment and Development -- Riparian rights -- Risk assessment and the environment -- Roadless Area Conservation Rule -- Rocky Mountain Arsenal -- Rowell, Galen -- Rowland, Frank Sherwood -- Runoff, agricultural -- Runoff, urban -- Rural gentrification -- Sacramento River pesticide spill -- Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) -- Sagebrush Rebellion -- Sale, Kirkpatrick -- Santa Barbara oil spill -- Save the Whales Campaign -- Scenic Hudson Preservation Conference v. Federal Power Commission.

Schumacher, E. F -- Sea Empress oil spill -- Sea Shepherd Conservation Society (SSCS -- Sea turtles -- Seabed disposal -- Seabed mining -- Seal hunting -- Sea-level changes -- Secondhand smoke -- Sedimentation -- Seed banks -- Selective breeding -- Septic systems -- Severe and anomalous weather in recent decades -- Severe storms -- Sewage treatment and disposal -- Shark finning -- Sick building syndrome (SBS) -- Sierra Club -- Sierra Club v. Morton -- Silent Spring Publication and Response -- Silicosis -- Silkwood, Karen -- Singer, Peter -- SL-1 reactor accident -- Slash-and-burn agriculture -- Sludge treatment and disposal -- Smallpox eradication -- Smart grids and renewable energy -- Snyder, Gary -- Social ecology -- Soil conservation -- Soil contamination -- Soil salinization -- Solar automobile racing -- Solar energy -- Solar One -- Solar radiation management -- Solar water heaters -- Solid waste management policy -- Soviet nuclear submarine sinking -- Soviet Plan for the Transformation of Nature -- Space debris -- Spaceship Earth metaphor -- Speciesism -- St. Lawrence Seaway -- Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants -- Stormwater management -- Stringfellow Acid Pits -- Strip and surface mining -- Strip farming -- Subsistence use -- Sulfur oxides -- Sun Day -- Superfund legislation -- Superphenix nuclear reactor -- Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA) -- Sustainable agriculture -- Sustainable development -- Sustainable forestry -- Sydney Tar Ponds -- Synthetic fuels -- Tansley, Arthur G -- Taylor Grazing Act -- Tellico Dam -- Temperature inversion in Donora, Pennsylvania -- Tennessee Valley Authority -- Tennessee Valley Authority v. Hill.

Teton Dam collapse -- The Global 2000 Report -- Thermal pollution -- Thermohaline circulation -- Thoreau, Henry David -- Three Gorges Dam -- Three Mile Island nuclear accident -- Tidal energy -- Tobago oil spill -- Torrey Canyon oil spill -- Tragedy of the commons -- Trans-Alaska Pipeline -- Trans-Siberian Pipeline -- Turtle excluder devices -- U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) -- U.S. Climate Action Partnership (USCAP) -- U.S. Conference of Mayors Climate Protection Agreement -- U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) -- U.S. National Park Service (NPS) -- Union of Concerned Scientists -- United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD) -- United Nations Conference on the Human Environment -- United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) -- United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) -- United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) -- United Nations Environment Programme -- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change -- United Nations population conferences -- Urban ecology -- Urban parks -- Urban planning -- Urban runoff -- Urban sprawl -- Vegetarianism -- Vernadsky, Vladimir -- Volatile organic compounds -- Volcanoes and weather -- Vulnerability of the Maldive Islands to rises in sea level -- Waste management -- Waste treatment -- Wastewater management -- Water conservation -- Water loss in Mono Lake -- Water management of the Klamath River -- Water pollution -- Water quality -- Water rights -- Water treatment -- Water use -- Water-pollution policy -- Water-saving toilets -- Watershed management -- Watson, Paul -- Watt, James -- Weather modification -- Wells -- Welsh mining disaster.

Wetlands -- Wetlands and sea-level rise -- Whaling -- White, Lynn Townsend, Jr -- Wild and Scenic Rivers Act -- Wilderness Act -- Wilderness areas -- Wilderness Society -- Wildfires -- Wildlife management -- Wildlife refuges -- Wilmut, Ian -- Wilson, Edward O -- Wind energy -- Windscale radiation release -- Wise-use movement -- Wolman, Abel -- World Fertility Survey (WFS) -- World Health Organization -- World Heritage Convention -- World Resources Institute -- World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) -- World Trade Organization -- World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) -- World Wilderness Congresses (WWC) -- Worldwatch Institute -- Yellowstone National Park -- Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository -- Zahniser, Howard Clinton -- Zapovednik system -- Zoning laws -- Zoos' involvement in wildlife conservation -- Appendixes -- Timeline of American Environmentalism -- Key figures in environmentalism -- U.S. federal laws concerning the environment -- Directory of U.S. National Parks -- Major world national parks and protected areas -- Environmental organizations -- Subject Index.